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of chemistry and electricity. Experimenting he improved telegraph apparatus. About the same time Edison made an improvement in the transmitter of the telephone which made it easier for the waves to travel, and improved the usefulness of the telephone very much. It was just about the same time that he invented the phonograph. This is the parent idea of the gramophone, dictaphone and other instruments, but these inventions are only a small part of the work of this wonderful man.
Дайте відповіді на запитання.
1. How did Edison study at school? 2. What were his interests in his childhood? 3. Where did he work? 4. What accident happened to Edison? 5. What happened that changed Edison’s life? 6. What did Edison invent?
To Lesson 11
Tipping in America
Americans take tipping more seriously than any other nationality, and of all Americans, no one takes tipping as seriously as hotel bellboys do.
Tip your bellboy generously, and you will have the perfect holiday. Do not tip him, and you will have the worst holiday of your life!
Guests who do not tip well at hotels often find that the heating in their room “accidentally” stops working in the middle of winter, or that they receive strange phone calls in the middle of the night.
Sometimes the keys for their room “disappear” and it seems that no one can find the spare keys.
It is a good idea to tip a bellboy at least 5 dollars and, for tips of 20 dollars or more, your bellboy will be your friend forever. So, anyone who is planning to stay in an American hotel should remember – bellboys can make sure you have the holiday of your dreams... or they can make your visit a nightmare!
To Lesson 16
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering
Nuclear Science and Engineering is an intellectually exciting and socially important discipline, supporting a wide range of applications.
Our department presently consists of 28 faculty and senior research staff, 101 graduate and 48 undergraduate students. The curriculum includes over 70 subjects of instruction, leading to the B. S., M. S., N. E., and Ph. D. degrees. Our goal is to educate individuals to become future leaders and make fundamental contributions in each of the following three programs:
Fission Engineering and Nuclear Energy
Fusion and Plasma Physics
Nuclear Science and Technology
Research opportunities extend across all aspects of nuclear science and engineering enhanced by the use of world-class experimental facilities located on campus, including:
MITR-II, a 5-megawatt nuclear research reactor;
Alcator C-Mod, a high field tokamak fusion device;
Multi-accelerator laboratory, focusing on medical and industrial applications;
Multi-magnet nuclear magnetic resonance laboratory, focusing on medical imaging and quantum information processing.
Students also have access to state-of-the-art computational facilities.
Established in 1958, the Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering at MIT is one of the oldest Nuclear Science and Engineering graduate programs in the country. Still, compared to more traditional engineering disciplines, nuclear engineering is a relatively new addition to university educational programs. The field defines its education and research mission broadly as the study of nuclear and radiation interactions and their applications to problems of beneficial interest to society. Given that we have only recently begun to understand basic nuclear processes, nuclear engineering is still in its “pioneering” phase with regard to its impact on our lives.
University of Oxford
The Department of Chemistry
Each year some 170 chemists graduate after a four-year course which includes a year of research and about 80 graduates receive doctorates.
The Oxford Chemistry course is second to none in quality.
It has been judged to be excellent following a Teaching Quality Audit (TQA) by the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). Furthermore, the research school of 74 faculty was awarded 5* (also the highest grade) in the most recent Research Assessment Exercise, published in December 2001, an evaluation that recognises its considerable international standing.
Her Majesty the Queen opened the new £60 million Chemistry Research Laboratory on 20th February 2004. This state of the art facility has five floors covering ~17, 000 sq. m of laboratory and office space. The £60 million has been raised with grants from the JIF, Wolfson Foundation, EP Abraham Trust, Thomas Swan, the family of Landon T Clay, the Salters Company and a £20 million partnership with IP Group.
University of Cambridge
The Department of Physics at the Cavendish Laboratory
The Cavendish Laboratory was founded in 1871, along with the appointment of James Clerk Maxwell as the first Cavendish Professor. It has a distinguished intellectual history, with 29 Nobel prizewinners who